Gnome 美化

注意： 本文只是一个样例，仅供参考。

• 本文来自 Fedora 社区，某些操作细节可能并不适用于 openSUSE 。
• 源文档详见：File:GNOME.pdf

• 启⽤ lcd-filter 选项：

sudo ln -sf /usr/share/fontconfig/conf.avail/11-lcdfilter-default.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/
sudo ln -s /usr/share/fontconfig/conf.avail/10-sub-pixel-rgb.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/

移除效果：

sudo rm /etc/fonts/conf.d/11-lcdfilter-default.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/10-sub-pixel-rgb.conf

• 按下 alt+tab ,仅在当前⼯作区切换程序

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.app-switcher current-workspace-only true

• 关闭动态⼯作区

gsettings set org.gnome.mutter dynamic-workspaces false

• 设置⼯作区数量，默认 4 个

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences num-workspaces 3

• 禁⽤或打开所有扩展

gsettings set org.gnome.shell disable-user-extensions false/true

• 查看扩展清单：

gnome-extensions list

• 启⽤/禁⽤扩展

gnome-extensions enable name_of_extension

gnome-extensions disable name_of_extension

• 菜单扩展依赖的包

sudo dnf install gnome-menus redhat-menus

• 禁⽤ super 键显⽰活动概览

gsettings set org.gnome.mutter overlay-key 
gsettings set org.gnome.mutter overlay-key 'Super_L' #缺省值

• 重置天⽓位置

gsettings reset org.gnome.Weather locations

显⽰器调整

亮度	对比度	情景模式	色温	9300K	6500K
20	50	标准（默认）	暖色（默认）	R100,G86,B77	94,100,100

Gnome 扩展

• 录屏时⻓

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys max-screencast-length 3600

• 系统托盘
  • Tray Icons-TopIcons Plus 的简化版本 by zhangkaizhao
  • AppIndicator and KStatusNotifierItem Support by 3v1n0
  • Zorin KStatusNotifierItem/AppIndicator Support by ItzSwirlz
• 定时关机

ShutdownTimer by neumann

• 移动时钟到右侧

Frippery Move Clock by rmyorston

• ⿏标样式：

git clone https://github.com/yeyushengfan258/Future-cursors.git
cd Future-cursors
sudo ./install #安装
sudo ./install -d #卸载
# 鼠标样式会安装在 /usr/share/icons/Future-cursors
find /usr/share/icons ~/.icons -type d -name "cursors" #查看所有的光标样式
#/usr/share/icons/Adwaita/cursors
#/usr/share/icons/Future-cursors/cursors
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-theme 'Future-cursors'

• 输⼊法横排

gsettings set org.freedesktop.ibus.panel lookup-table-orientation 0

• 按默认字⺟顺序排列图标

gsettings reset org.gnome.shell app-picker-layout

• ⽂件浏览器中启⽤可编辑路径

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true

• ⿏标中键最⼩化窗⼝

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences action-middle-click-titlebar 'minimize'
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences action-middle-click-titlebar 'none' #默认值

• 缩放⽐例

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor 1.5

• 光标⼤⼩

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-size 24 24:Default 32:Medium

• 界⾯主题

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme Adwaita-dark

• 图标主题

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface icon-theme Adwaita elementary #(默认：Adwaita)
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface icon-theme We10X
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface icon-theme We10X-dark
sudo dnf install We10X-icon-theme.noarch

• 窗⼝标题

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences titlebar-font 'Cantarell Bold 10'

• 界⾯字体

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface font-name 'Cantarell Regular 12'

• ⽂档字体

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface document-font-name 'Cantarell Regular 11'

• 等宽字体

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface monospace-font-name "Hack 12"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface monospace-font-name "Dejavu Sans Mono 12"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface monospace-font-name 'Noto Sans Mono 12'
dejavu-sans-mono-fonts
Dejavu Sans Mono

• ⿏标和触摸板

gsettings range org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad click-method none

• 隐藏顶部⽇期

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface clock-show-date false

• 显⽰顶部星期

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface clock-show-weekday true

• 显⽰⽇历周数

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.calendar show-weekdate true

• 去掉注销的确认和 60 秒的延迟

gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt false

• 禁⽤左上⻆热点动画和显⽰应⽤动画。

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface enable-hot-corners false
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface enable-animations false

• 关闭终端弹出确认窗

gsettings set org.gnome.Terminal.Legacy.Settings confirm-close false

• 登录后开启数字键盘灯

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.keyboard numlock-state true

• 查看⿏标 中键 可设定的选项

gsettings range org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences action-right-click-titlebar

• win 右上⻆三按钮样式

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings overrides "{'Gtk/DecorationLayout':<':close,minimize,maximize'>}"

• macOS 左上⻆三按钮

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings overrides "{'Gtk/DecorationLayout':<'close:minimize,maximize'>}"

• 电源

你可能希望修改基本的电源管理设置（以下的设置以笔记本电脑⽤⼾为例，请按需调整）：

$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power hibernate
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-ac-timeout 3600
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-ac-type hibernate
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-battery-timeout 1800
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-battery-type hibernate
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.lockdown disable-lock-screen true

• 如需在合上盖⼦后依然保持显⽰器开启：

$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xrandr default-monitors-setup do-nothing

• 抗锯⻮

有效值为 none, grayscale (标准-默认), rgba (⼦像素-⽤于 LCD 屏幕)。

gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings antialiasing #获取当前设置
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings antialiasing grayscale
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings antialiasing rgba

• 字体微调

有效值显⽰为 “none-⽆”，“slight-轻微”，“中等”，“full-完全”。

gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings hinting #获取当前值
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings hinting slight #设置为轻微

• 桌⾯和锁屏壁纸

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver <picture-uri>
#如 'file:///home/cao/.local/share/backgrounds/The_Kanas_Lake.jpg'
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///path/to/my/picture.jpg' #桌⾯
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri none
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background primary-color '#AA3333'
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background color-shading-type 'solid'
#颜⾊列表：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X11_color_names

• GNOME 3.24 中不建议使⽤以下设置：

org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate
org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power
org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-sleep
org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-suspend
org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power critical-battery-action

• 还原默认值：

gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences theme
gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences titlebar-font
gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.interface font-name
gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.interface document-font-name
gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.interface monospace-font-name

• 显⽰桌⾯图标：

gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true

• 查看当前设置

gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.desktop.interface

• 开启/禁⽤系统声⾳

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'
gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds
gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds

⾼分屏下可以使⽤如下⽅法解决窗⼝过⼩的问题 在启动的脚本⾥添加 export QT_SCALE_FACTOR=1.5 ,重启快捷键映射：

gnome-session-quit --reboot

⾃定义动态背景

下载 gnome-backgrounds 软件包
将包中的两个 xml 放⼊对应路径， adwaita-timed.xml 根据需要⾃定义：

#!/bin/bash
# adwaita-timed.xml 中定义单位时间内加载的壁纸
sudo mkdir /usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/
mkdir -p /home/cao/.local/share/backgrounds
cp adwaita-timed.xml /home/cao/.local/share/backgrounds/adwaita-timed.xml
chmod 644 /home/cao/.local/share/backgrounds/adwaita-timed.xml
sudo ln -s /home/cao/.local/share/backgrounds/adwaita-timed.xml
/usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/adwaita-timed.xml

# adwaita.xml 轮换壁纸的声明⽂件
sudo mkdir /usr/share/gnome-background-properties
sudo cp adwaita.xml /usr/share/gnome-background-properties/adwaita.xml
sudo chmod 644 /usr/share/gnome-background-properties/adwaita.xml

• adwaita-timed.xml

<background>
  <starttime>
    <year>2011</year>
    <month>11</month>
    <day>24</day>
    <hour>6</hour>
    <minute>00</minute>
    <second>00</second>
  </starttime>
<!-- 动画从早上 6 点开始 -->
<!-- 早上 6 点到中午 12 点，持续 6 ⼩时 -->
<static>
<duration>21600.0</duration>
<file>/home/cao/.local/share/backgrounds/222512.jpg</file>
</static>
<!-- 从中午 12 点⾄傍晚 18 点，持续6⼩时 -->
<static>
<duration>21600.0</duration>
<file>/home/cao/.local/share/backgrounds/wallhaven-wyzweq.jpg</file>
</static>
<!-- 从傍晚 18 点⾄次⽇早上 6 点，持续 12 ⼩时 -->
<static>
<duration>43200.0</duration>
<file>/home/cao/.local/share/backgrounds/10-15-Night.jpg</file>
</static>
</background>

• adwaita.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE wallpapers SYSTEM "gnome-wp-list.dtd">
<wallpapers>
  <wallpaper deleted="false">
    <name>Default Background</name>
        <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/adwaita-timed.xml</filename>
        <options>zoom</options>
        <shade_type>solid</shade_type>
        <pcolor>#3465a4</pcolor>
        <scolor>#000000</scolor>
     </wallpaper>
</wallpapers>